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Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

Sanitary napkins are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers. These materials determine the comfort, absorbency, and overall effectiveness of the product. Below, we explore the key components of sanitary napkins and their functions.

1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, non-irritating, and quick-drying to ensure comfort. Common materials used for the top sheet include:

• Non-woven fabric: Lightweight and breathable, often made from polypropylene or polyethylene.
• Perforated film: Provides a dry surface by allowing liquid to pass through quickly.

The top sheet plays a critical role in preventing rashes and irritation, making it one of the most important components.

2. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary napkin, responsible for retaining menstrual fluid. It typically consists of:

• Fluff pulp: A biodegradable material made from wood pulp, known for its high absorbency.
• Superabsorbent polymers (SAP): These synthetic materials can absorb many times their weight in liquid, enhancing the napkin’s capacity.

The combination of fluff pulp and SAP ensures that the napkin remains effective even during heavy flow days.

3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet is the waterproof layer that prevents leaks and keeps moisture from seeping through to clothing. Materials used for the back sheet include:

• Polyethylene film: A common choice due to its flexibility and waterproof properties.
• Breathable microporous film: Allows air circulation while still preventing leaks, reducing the risk of skin irritation.

A high-quality back sheet ensures that the napkin stays in place and provides reliable protection.

4. Adhesive Strip

The adhesive strip is what keeps the sanitary napkin securely attached to underwear. It is usually made from:

• Pressure-sensitive adhesive: Provides a strong yet removable bond to fabric.

Some napkins also feature wings with additional adhesive to further prevent shifting and leaks.

5. Release Paper

The release paper covers the adhesive strip before use. It is typically made from:

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• Silicone-coated paper: Ensures easy removal without leaving residue.

This component may seem minor, but it plays a vital role in the usability of the product.

6. Fragrance and Additives

Some sanitary napkins include fragrances or additives to mask odors or provide additional comfort. These may include:

• Natural essential oils: Used for a light, pleasant scent.
• Aloe vera or chamomile: Added to soothe sensitive skin.

However, fragrance-free options are often recommended for individuals with sensitive skin or allergies.

Conclusion

Sanitary napkins