# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties
## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials
Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Modern sanitary pads consist of multiple layers, each serving a specific purpose in absorption, comfort, and protection.
## Core Components of Sanitary Pads
### Top Sheet (Cover Layer)
The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:
– Nonwoven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Cotton or other natural fibers for premium products
Key properties: Softness, breathability, and quick-drying capability
### Absorbent Core
The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary pad, responsible for fluid retention. Common materials include:
– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both materials
SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid, making modern pads thinner yet more effective
### Back Sheet
The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials used include:
Keyword: sanitary pad raw material
– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Nonwoven materials in some premium products
Key properties: Liquid impermeability, flexibility, and comfort
## Additional Components
### Adhesive Layer
– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for pad attachment to underwear
– Release paper to protect adhesive before use
### Wings (if applicable)
– Typically made from nonwoven materials
– Contain adhesive strips for secure fit
## Material Properties and Considerations
### Absorption Capacity
Modern pads combine fluff pulp (for quick absorption) and SAP (for liquid retention) to achieve optimal performance. The ratio varies by product type:
– Regular pads: 40-60% SAP
– Ultra-thin pads: Higher SAP concentration
– Overnight pads: More fluff pulp for bulk absorption
### Breathability
Breathable materials in top sheets and back sheets help reduce skin irritation and discomfort. Key metrics include:
– Moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR)
– Air permeability
### Skin Safety
Materials must be:
– Hypoallergenic
– Free from harmful chemicals
– Dermatologically tested
## Environmental Considerations
Recent developments focus on more sustainable materials:
– Biodegradable top sheets from bamboo or cotton
– Plant-based SAP alternatives
– Compostable back sheets
– Reduced plastic content
## Quality Standards
Sanitary pad materials must meet various international standards for:
– Absorption capacity
– Bacterial barrier properties
– Skin irritation potential
– Chemical safety
Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers develop better products. The continuous innovation in materials aims to improve comfort, effectiveness, and environmental sustainability in feminine hygiene products.