# Hastelloy X (UNS N06002) Nickel Alloy: Properties and Applications
## Introduction to Hastelloy X
Hastelloy X, also known as UNS N06002, is a nickel-chromium-iron-molybdenum alloy renowned for its exceptional high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. This superalloy is widely used in industries where components are exposed to extreme environments, such as aerospace, gas turbines, and industrial furnaces.
## Chemical Composition
The unique properties of Hastelloy X stem from its carefully balanced chemical composition:
– Nickel (Ni): 47% (base element)
– Chromium (Cr): 22%
– Iron (Fe): 18%
– Molybdenum (Mo): 9%
– Cobalt (Co): 1.5%
– Tungsten (W): 0.6%
– Carbon (C): 0.10%
– Manganese (Mn): 1.0% max
– Silicon (Si): 1.0% max
## Key Properties of Hastelloy X
### High-Temperature Performance
Hastelloy X maintains excellent mechanical properties at temperatures up to 2200°F (1200°C). Its oxidation resistance is particularly noteworthy, making it ideal for applications in extreme heat environments.
### Corrosion Resistance
The alloy demonstrates outstanding resistance to various forms of corrosion, including:
– Oxidation at high temperatures
– Carburization
– Nitriding
– Sulfidation
### Mechanical Properties
At room temperature, Hastelloy X typically exhibits:
– Tensile Strength: 655 MPa (95 ksi)
– Yield Strength: 240 MPa (35 ksi)
– Elongation: 35%
## Applications of Hastelloy X
### Aerospace Industry
Hastelloy X is extensively used in aircraft engine components, including:
– Combustion chambers
– Afterburner components
– Turbine seals
– Exhaust systems
### Industrial Furnaces
The alloy’s heat resistance makes it perfect for:
– Heat-treating fixtures
– Retorts
– Muffles
– Radiant tubes
### Power Generation
In power plants, Hastelloy X is employed in:
– Gas turbine components
– Heat exchangers
– High-temperature piping systems
## Fabrication and Welding
Hastelloy X can be fabricated using standard techniques, though it requires more power than austenitic stainless steels due to its higher strength. Welding is typically performed using:
– Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)
– Gas metal arc welding (GMAW)
– Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
Post-weld heat treatment is often recommended to restore optimal corrosion resistance.
## Advantages Over Other Alloys
Compared to similar high-temperature alloys, Hastelloy X offers:
Keyword: Hastelloy X UNS N06002
– Better fabricability
– Superior oxidation resistance
– Excellent strength-to-weight ratio
– Good thermal fatigue resistance
– Cost-effectiveness for many applications
## Conclusion
Hastelloy X (UNS N06002) remains a top choice for engineers designing components that must withstand extreme temperatures and corrosive environments. Its balanced combination of properties makes it versatile across multiple industries, from aerospace to power generation. As technology advances and operating conditions become more demanding, Hastelloy X continues to prove its value as a reliable high-performance alloy.